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Analyzing solid waste landfills using satellite imagery and designing new landfill reception areas
(ANSF. Applied Natural Science Fundation, 2023-06-20) Révolo Acevedo, Ronald H.; Quispe Reymundo, Bimael J.; Rodríguez Cerrón, Mauro; Quispe Quezada, Uriel Rigoberto; Quispe Quezada, Luthgardo P.; Solano Velarde, Zosimo; Paredes Atoche, Víctor
Solid waste disposal is important for environmental management for good quality of life in urban cities. Among them is the final disposal of waste in landfills. Landfills can receive tons of waste, but they must be far away from natural resources and urban areas. The research aimed to analyze the physical and biological conditions and design a geolocation map of new sanitary landfills in three urban cities in Peru (Chilca, El Tambo and Huancayo). Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite imagery was used to analyze the physical (LST and Methane) and biological (NDVI and SAVI) conditions of the landfills. The geolocation of the landfills was analyzed through the relationship, intersection and discrimination between their surface criteria (soil type, current use, geology and physiography) and climatic factors (temperature, humidity and precipitation). The physical and biological conditions of the landfills were: CH4: Chilca 8.33g > Huancayo 4.76g > El-Tambo 3.17g; SAVI: Chilca 0.61 > El Tambo 0.54 > Huancayo 0.51; LST: Huancayo 26.15°C > Chilca 24.03°C > El Tambo 22.75°C; NDVI: Chilca 0.85 > Huancayo 0.81 > El Tambo 0.8. In the three cities, "natural grasslands" were considered suitable land for the new solid waste landfill site. The multiple relationship, intersection, and discrimination of surface criteria and climatic factors were categorized into five types of sustainable geolocation (very appropriate > appropriate > moderately adequate > less appropriate > inappropriate) for new solid waste landfills. It was very important to discount the influence areas (rivers and lagoons) to avoid damaging the natural resources.
Palcayaco watershed management through environmental zoning in Huancavelica, Peru
(ANSF. Applied Natural Science Fundation, 2023-05-20) Quispe Reymundo, Bimael J.; Révolo Acevedo, Ronald H.; Caso Samaniego, Alvaro I.; Quispe Quezada, Uriel Rigoberto; Bonilla Mancilla, Humberto D.; Huamán Huamán, Cirilo W.; Jauregui Ofracio, Janette
The technical and integrated participation of the population in environmental zoning and soil and water conservation techniques and management is a sustainable alternative for watershed management. The objective of the research was to develop an environmental zoning map for the Palcayaco watershed in Huancavelica, Peru (from its socioeconomic aspects to its technical recommendations). The research work was deductive, where all the necessary data were delimited, described, inventoried, recapitulated and extracted to describe the morphometric parameters, biophysical and socioeconomic situation, environmental zoning and techniques for soil and water conservation. Results: the watershed was perennial, an average slope of 29.65%, a time of concentration of 180.6 min and a balanced hypsometric curve type (B). It also had low population density, unpaved roads, scarce basic services, and poor education and health services infrastructure. The watershed presented different ecoregions, life zones, climatic classification and altitudinal sector, current land use for agricultural, livestock and silvopastoral production, steep type, forest pasture use and protection capacity. The conflict area was in good use, and economic-ecological zoning was in protection, conservation, recovery, water, productive, and urban-industrial. The environmental zoning designed for the Palcayaco watershed preserved the most important natural resources for rural communities, improving their biophysical and socioeconomic status. Through soil and water conservation techniques and management, it will prevent the degradation of the watershed for a better and sustainable future.
Design of a Business Sustainability Measurement Method for Based on NeutroAlgebras Generated by the Combining Function in Prospector and Neutrosophic 2-tuple Linguistic Models
(International Journal of Neutrosophic Science, 2024-05-23) Moscoso Moscoso, Ketty Marilú; Beraún Espíritu, Manuel Michael; Quispe Quezada, Uriel Rigoberto; Alvarez Bernuy, Silvia Marina; Quispe Solano, Miguel Angel; Julca-Marcelo, Edson Hilmer; Ramirez Salas, Wilfredo; Gamarra Moreno, Arturo
Business sustainability has become a global imperative in response to the environmental, social, and economic challenges facing our world. In this context, the measurement and evaluation of business sustainability have become crucial to guide the actions of organizations towards more responsible and sustainable practices. However, the lack of specific measurement instruments for specific regional contexts may limit the ability of companies to evaluate and improve their sustainability performance. In this paper, we present the design of a business sustainability measurement method adapted to the context of Tarma, Peru. Tarma, a region located in the heart of the Peruvian Andes, is characterized by its cultural, environmental, and economic diversity, making it a unique context to address business sustainability. This article proposes a method for measuring business sustainability based on the Neutrosophic 2-tuple Linguistic Model, which includes an aggregation operation based on a NeutroAlgebra generated by Combining Functions in Prospector.
Evaluation of the Economic Viability of Circular Models in Agri-culture Based on Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps
(2024-05-09) Moscoso Moscoso, Ketty Marilú; Beraún Espíritu, Manuel Michael; Quispe Quezada, Uriel Rigoberto; Alvarez Bernuy, Silvia Marina; Quispe Solano, Miguel Angel; Julca Marcelo, Edson Hilmer; Gamarra Moreno, Arturo; Ramirez Salas, Wilfredo
The main purpose of this evaluation is to analyze the economic viability of the implementation of circular models in agriculture in Tarma, Peru. This involves examining the costs and benefits associated with the adoption of circular practices, as well as identifying possible barriers and opportunities for their implementation at the local level. By better understanding the economic landscape, it will be possible to inform decision-making both at the government level and at the level of individual farmers. For the analysis, we have a committee of 30 experts who will evaluate the relationship between variables that positively or negatively affect the implementation of these models in the town. The tool selected for the analysis is Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps, which includes an indeterminacy component within the calculations. This allows greater accuracy in the results since indeterminacy is an inherent part of prediction.
Spray-Dried Porcine Collagen Microcapsules in Tara Gum–Maltodextrin Matrices: A Sustainable Approach to By-Product Valorization for Functional and Nutraceutical Applications
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. Applied sciences, 2025-11-29) Ligarda Samanez, Carlos A.; Ccana Buleje, Thamirys G.; Choque Quispe, David; Palomino Rincón, Henry P; Taipe Pardo, Fredy; Moscoso Moscoso, Elibet; Mauricio Muñoz, Melgarejo; Luciano Alipio, Rober; Cervantes Carrión, Justina; Muñoz Saenz, Jenny C.; Quispe Quezada, Uriel Rigoberto; Jilaja Carita, Enoc E.
Within the framework of the circular economy, this study evaluated the valorization of pig trotters as a source of porcine hydrolyzed collagen, which was microencapsulated via spray drying in maltodextrin (95%) and tara gum (5%) matrices. A 22 factorial design was applied to analyze the effect of inlet temperature (140 °C and 160 °C) and core concentration (5% and 10% w/w) on the physicochemical, techno-functional, structural, and morphological properties of the microcapsules. The hydrolyzed collagen presented a protein content of 52.03%. The microcapsules exhibited protein contents ranging from 17.82 to 29.36%, moisture between 1.58 and 4.71%, water activity ranging from 0.24 to 0.38, bulk density ranging from 0.44 to 0.49 g/mL, hygroscopicity ranging from 24.72 to 38.08%, solubility between 81.23 and 82.80%, and particle size ranging from 4.85 to 6.52 µm. SEM micrographs revealed predominantly spherical particles with indentations and agglomerates. FTIR spectra confirmed the characteristic amide bands of collagen and molecular interactions within the tara gum–maltodextrin matrix, while TGA thermograms demonstrated the thermal stability of the formulations. Core content had a greater influence than temperature on all response variables. Overall, the findings confirm that spray-drying microencapsulation is an effective strategy for producing stable, dispersible collagen-based powders with potential for functional food and nutraceutical applications, representing a sustainable pathway for valorizing animal by-products within the circular economy.